Prioritization of Hazardous Zones Using an Advanced Risk Management Model Combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Set Theory

Risk management plays a vital role in ensuring the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction by considering various factors, including uncertainties associated with concurrent adverse sources. One key aspect risk is prioritizing hazardous zones to devise an optimal countermeasure plan within time cost constraints. This study developed advanced model, combining analytic hierarchy process (AHP) fuzzy set theory (FST). The model derived impact using AHP probability FST. By selectively causal factors that met selection criterion, each zone was determined, enabling prioritization identified zones. application results indicated combinations significant convergence posed relatively high risk. Moreover, where unstable ground formations were excavated gripper boring machine (TBM) revealed as most vulnerable locations. Consequently, adopting shield TBM or implementing reinforcement recommended. Overall, effectively prioritizes provides plan, contributing overall operations.